Plant Beneficial Symbionts: Fashionable Charming Members in the Phytomicrobiome Community

Document Type : Review Articles

Author

Biotechnology Lab., Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City).

Abstract

Plants, seemingly solitary, engage in a fascinating dance of co-existence with a diverse cast of microbial and animal partners, playing a vital role in securing our future food supply While appearing self-sufficient, plants co-exist with diverse microbial and animal partners, ensuring our future food supply. This intricate community, the phytomicrobiome, harbors both microscopic and macroscopic allies, each contributing significantly to plant health and growth. This review delves into these symbiotic relationships, exploring how microbes like nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., Rhizobium sp.) and mycorrhizal fungi enhance nutrient acquisition and promote plant growth. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of these symbionts as biofertilizers, through the focus on endophytes and rhizosphere microorganisms offering a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers by enriching soil and enhancing plant root systems. Beyond the microscopic world, insects also play a pivotal role in securing future food production, while ensuring successful plant reproduction, acting as natural pest control, and reducing reliance on harmful insecticides. Understanding and harnessing the potential of both microbial and insect symbionts holds immense promise for sustainable agriculture. By fostering these partnerships, we can promote healthy plant growth, minimize reliance on chemical inputs, and ensure a secure food supply for generations to come.

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